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TIA, also known as a mini stroke, occurs when there has been temporary blockage of blood flow in the brain due to a thrombus. In a TIA, the body releases its own small amount of tPA and quickly dissolves the clot. This accounts for the temporary symptoms that incur and cause no damage to brain tissues. The TIA is a warning sign of an impending stoke, and medical help should be sought immediately. Mini strokes happen only in ischemic episodes. Ischemic and hemorrhagic are complete opposites of each other but have the same symptoms and inclinations.

The complete blockage of an artery resulting in restricted blood flow is an ischemic episode. When ischemia occurs, the result is cell death and loss of functionality in the extremities including the face.

Other conditions that can lead to the formation of blood clots include Atrial fibrillation, previous heart attack, heart valve diseases, some STDs, cardiovascular disease and Cerebrovascular disease.

Plaque buildup in the arteries resulting in narrowing of the arteries is a common factor in ischemic episodes. In this case, cells and other debris stick to the cracks in the plaque.

The body protects itself from injury by forming clots. A clot is formed in order to stop constant bleeding. If the bleeding is not stopped a whole host of other, more serious complications can occur.

Many times, the body is able to dissolve the clot itself by releasing an enzyme called plasmin, and then phagocytes (white blood cells that engulf waste matter) come along and clean up the debris left behind.

Decreased blood flow to the brain leads to signs and symptoms of confusion, sudden headache, loss of balance, and difficulty speaking. The symptoms appear for only minutes then soon disappear, and the victim suffers no brain damage. It is still advisable to get emergency help as a TIA is a warning that a major stoke is on the way. The goal of treatment at this point is to restore blood flow to the brain and prevent further damage.

Time is of the essence when dealing with stroke. Certain medications must be administered within the first three hours of the beginning of symptoms in order for them to work efficiently. This is why it is imperative that everyone know and recognize the signs and symptoms of stroke. If not treated in time, the patient can experience extensive and serious damage.

Mini strokes are sudden and carry no warning signs as they are warning signs within themselves for an ischemic episode. It is highly common for someone who has experienced a mini stroke to undergo a major stroke the following year. Visiting your medical professional will allow them to weigh your risk factors and perform tests to ensure a proper course of treatment for your situation.